Manual Therapy
Volume 11, Issue 4 , Pages 243-253 , November 2006

Cervical arterial dysfunction assessment and manual therapy

  • Roger Kerry

      Affiliations

    • Division of Physiotherapy Education, University of Nottingham, UK
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +44 01158231790.
    • ,
  • Alan J. Taylor

      Affiliations

    • Nottingham Nuffield Hospital, Nottingham, UK

References 

  1. Arnold M, Bousser MG. Carotid and vertebral dissection. Practical Neurology. 2005;5:100–109
  2. Arnold C, Bourassa T, Langer T, Stoneham G. Doppler studies evaluating the effect of a physical therapy screening protocol on vertebral artery blood flow. Manual Therapy. 2004;9(1):13–21
  3. Asavasopon S, Jankoski J, Godges JJ. Clinical diagnosis of vertebrobasilar insufficiency: resident's case problem. Journal of Orthopaedic, Sports, and Physical Therapy. 2005;35(10):645–650
  4. Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial Collaborators (ACST). The MRC ACST: carotid endarterectomy prevents disabling and fatal carotid territory strokes. Lancet. 2004;363(9420):1421–1461
  5. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy (AJP). Forum: pre-manipulative testing of the cervical spine. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 2001;47(3):163–168
  6. Australian Physiotherapy Association (APA). Protocol for pre-manipulative testing of the cervical spine. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 1988;34:97–100
  7. Australian Physiotherapy Association (APA). Clinical guidelines for pre-manipulative procedures for the cervical spine. APA, 2000; 〈http://apa.advsol.com.au/〉
  8. Australian Physiotherapy Association (APA). Clinical guidelines for assessing vertebrobasilar insufficiency in the management of cervical spine disorders. APA 2006; 〈http://apa.advsol.com.au/〉
  9. Barker S, Kesson M, Ashmore J, Turner G, Conway J, Stevens D. Guidance for pre-manipulative testing of the cervical spine. Physiotherapy. 2001;87(6):318–322
  10. Benninger DH, Geogiadis D, Kremer C. Mechanisms of ischemic infarct in spontaneous carotid dissection. Stroke. 2004;35:482–485
  11. Biousse V, D’Anglejan-Chatillon J, Massiou H. Head pain in non-traumatic artery dissection : a series of 65 patients. Cephalagia. 1994;14:33–36
  12. Caplan LR, Biousse V. Cervicocranial arterial dissections. Journal of Neuro-Opthalmology. 2004;24(4):299–305
  13. Chan CK, Paine M, O’Day J. Carotid dissection: a common cause of Horner's syndrome. Clinical and Experimental Opthalmology. 2001;29:411–415
  14. Childs JD, Flynn TW, Fritz JM, Piva SR, Whitman JM, Wainner RS, et al. Screening or vertebrobasilar insufficiency in patients with neck pain: manual therapy decision-making in the presence of uncertainty. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 2005;35(5):300–306
  15. Coman WB. Dizziness related to ENT conditions. In:  Grieve GP editors. Grieve's modern manual therapy of the vertebral column. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1986;
  16. Cote P, Krietz BG, Cassidy JD, Thiel H. The validity of the extension-rotation test as a clinical screening procedure before neck manipulation: a secondary analysis. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 1996;19(3):159–164
  17. Crum B, Mokri B, Fulgham J. Spinal manifestations of vertebral artery dissection. Neurology. 2000;55:304–306
  18. Dziewas R, Konrad C, Drager B, Evers S, Besselmann M, Ludemann P, et al. Cervical artery dissection—clinical features, risk factors, therapy and outcome in 126 patients. Journal of Neurology. 2003;250:1179–1184
  19. Ebrahim S, Papacosta O, Whincup P, Wannamethee G, Walker M, Nicolaides AN, et al. Carotid plaque, intima media thickness, cardiovascular risk factors, and prevalent cardiovascular disease in men and women—the British regional heart study. Stroke. 1999;30:841–850
  20. Gabella G. Cardiovascular. In:  Williams PL editors. Gray's anatomy—the anatomical basis of medicine and surgery. 38th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1995;p. 1529;[ch 10]
  21. Garg A, Gaikwar SB, Kanodia A, Suri A, Gupta V, Mishralf NK. Positional occlusion/stasis of vertebral arteries in a case of cervical rheumatoid arthritis presenting with multiple posterior circulation infracts. Spine. 2004;29(15):E321–E325
  22. Grant R. Vertebral artery insufficiency: a clinical protocol for pre-manipulative testing of the cervical spine. In:  Boyling JD,  Palastanga N editor. Grieve's modern manual therapy. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1994;p. 371–380[Ch 26]
  23. Gross AR, Chesworth B, Binkley J. A case for evidence based practice in manual therapy. In:  Boyling J,  Jull GA editor. Grieve's modern manual therapy—the vertebral column. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2005;p. 569–580[ch 39]
  24. Haynes MJ, Cala LA, Melsom A, Mastaglia FL, Milne N, McGeachie JK. Posterior ponticles and rotational stenosis of vertebral arteries. A pilot study using Doppler ultrasound velocimetry and magnetic resonance angiography. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2005;28(5):323–329
  25. Kaperonis EA, Liapis CD, Kakisis JD, Dimitroulis D, Papavassiliou VG. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. European Journal of Endovascular Surgery. 2006;31(4):386–393
  26. Kawamoto R, Tomita H, Oka Y, Ohtsuka N. Association between risk factors and carotid enlargement. Internal Medicine. 2006;45:503–509
  27. Kerry R. Pre-manipulative procedures for the cervical spine—new guidelines and a time for dialectics: knowledge, risks, evidence and consent. Physiotherapy. 2002;88(7):417–420
  28. Kerry R, Rushton A. Decision theory in physical therapy. World Confederation for Physical Therapy 14th International Congress. 2003; Barcelona, Spain
  29. Leira EC, Cruz-Flores A, Leacock RO, Adulrauf SI. Sumatriptan can alleviate headaches due to carotid artery dissection. Headache. 2001;41:590–591
  30. Lemesle M, Beurait P, Becker F, Martin D, Giroud M, Dumas R. Head pain associated with sixth-nerve palsy: spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery. Cephalgia. 1998;18:112–114
  31. Li YK, Zhang YK, Lu CM, Zhong SZ. Changes and implications of the blood flow velocity of the vertebral artery during rotation and extension of the head. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 1999;22:91–95
  32. Licht PB, Christensen HW, Hojgaard P, Hoilund-Carlsen PF. Triplex ultrasound of vertebral artery flow during cervical rotation. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 1998;21:27–31
  33. Licht PB, Christensen HW, Hoilund-Carlsen PF. Is there a role for premanipulative testing before cervical manipulation?. Journal of Manipulative Physiological Therapeutics. 2000;23:175–179
  34. Magarey ME, Rebbeck T, Coughlan B, Grimmer K, Rivett DA, Refshauge K. Pre-manipulative testing of the cervical spine review, revision and new clinical guidelines. Manual Therapy. 2004;9(2):95–108
  35. Magee DJ. Orthopedic physical assessment. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2005;ch 3 p. 129–132
  36. Mannami T, Baba S, Ogata J. Potential of carotid enlargement as a useful indicator affected by high blood pressure in a large general poulation of a Japanese city. Stroke. 2000;31:2958–2965
  37. Mitchell J. Vertebral artery atherosclerosis: a risk factor in the use of manipulative therapy?. Physiotherapy Research International. 2002;7:122–135
  38. Mitchell J. Changes in vertebral artery blood flow following normal rotation of the cervical spine. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2003;26:347–351
  39. Mitchell J, Keene D, Dyson C, Harvey L, Pruvey C, Phillips R. Is cervical spine rotation, as used in the standard vertebrobasilar insufficiency test, associated with a measurable change in intracranial vertebral artery blood flow?. Manual Therapy. 2004;9:220–227
  40. Nichols FT, Mawad M, Mohr JP, Hilal S, Adams RJ. Focal headache during balloon inflation in the vertebral and basilar arteries. Headache. 1993;33(2):87–89
  41. Pelkonen O, Tikkakoski T, Leinonen S. Extracranial internal carotid and vertebral artery dissections: angiographic spectrum, course, and prognosis. Neuroradiology. 2003;45:71–77
  42. Pezzini A, Granella F, Grassi M, Bertolino C, Del Zotto E, Immovilli , et al. History of migraine and the risk of spontaneous cervical artery dissection. Cephalgia. 2005;25:575–580
  43. Pfadenhauer K, Esser M, Berger K. Vertebrobasilar ischemia and structural abnormalities of the vertebral arteries in active temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica-an ultrasonographic case-control study. Journal of Rheumatology. 2005;32(12):2356–2360
  44. Polak JF, Kronmal RA, Tell G, O’Leary DH, Savage PJ, Gardin JM, et al. Compensatory increase in common carotid artery diameter—relation to blood pressure and artery intima-media thickness in older adults. Stroke. 1996;27:2012–2015
  45. Powell FC, Hanigan WC, Olivero WC. A risk benefit analysis of spinal manipulation therapy for the relief of lumbar and cervical pain. Neurosurgery. 1993;33:73–78
  46. Refshauge KM. Rotation: a valid premanipulative dizziness test? Does it predict safe manipulation?. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 1994;17:15–19
  47. Ritcher RR, Reinking MF. Clinical Question: how does evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of the vertebral artery test influence teaching of the test in a professional physical therapist education program?. Physical Therapy. 2005;〈http://www.ptjournal.org/PTJournal/Jun2005/Jun05_EiP.cfm〉
  48. Rivett DA, Milburn PD, Chapple C. Negative pre-manipulative vertebral artery testing despite complete occlusion: a case of false negativity?. Manual Therapy. 1998;3(2):102–107
  49. Rivett DA, Sharples KJ, Milburn PD. Effect of premanipulative tests on vertebral artery and internal carotid artery blood flow: a pilot study. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 1999;22:368–375
  50. Rivett DA, Thomas L, Bolton P. Pre-manipulative testing: where do we go from here?. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy. 2005;33(3):78–84
  51. Rogalewski A, Evers S. Symptomatic hemicrania continua after internal carotid artery dissection. Headache. 2005;45(2):167–169
  52. Ross R. Atherosclerosis—an inflammatory disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 1999;340:115–126
  53. Rossitti S, Volkmann R. Changes of blood flow velocity indicating mechanical compression of the vertebral arteries during rotation of the head in the normal human measured with transcranial Doppler sonography. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. 1995;53:26–33
  54. Savitz SI, Caplan LR. Current concepts: vertebrobasilar disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 2005;325(25):2618–2626
  55. Scheel P, Ruge C, Schoning M. Flow velocity and flow volume measurements in the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries in healthy adults: reference data and the effects of age. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. 2000;26:1261–1266
  56. Schoning M, Hartig B. The development of haemodynamics in the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. 1998;24(5):655–662
  57. Schoning M, Walter J, Scheel P. Estimation of cerebral blood flow through color duplex sonography of the carotid and vertebral arteries in healthy adults. Stroke. 1994;25:17–22
  58. Silbert PL, Mokri B, Scievink WI. Headache and neck pain in spontaneous internal carotid and vertebral artery dissections. Neurology. 1995;45(8):1517–1522
  59. Smith WS, Johnston SC, Shalabrin EJ, Weaver M, Azari P, Albers GW, et al. Spinal manipulative therapy is an independent risk factor for vertebral artery dissection. Neurology. 2003;60(5):1424–1428
  60. Smeeth L, Cook C, Hall AJ. Incidence of polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis in the United Kingdom, 1990–2001. Annals of Rheumatic Disease. 2006;65(8):1093–1098
  61. Sun Y, Lin CH, Lu CJ, Yip PK, Chen RC. Carotid atheroselerosis intima media thickness and risk factors. Atheroselerosis. 2002;164:89–94
  62. Taylor AJ, Kerry R. Neck pain and headache as a result of internal carotid artery dissection; implications for clinicians. Manual Therapy. 2005;10(1):73–77
  63. Taylor AJ, Kerry R. The “vertebral artery test”. Manual Therapy. 2005;10(4):297–298
  64. Thanvi B, Munshi SK, Dawson SL, Robinson TG. Carotid and vertebral artery dissection syndromes. Postgraduate Medical Journal. 2005;81:383–388
  65. Thiel H, Rix G. Is it time to stop functional pre-manipulative testing of the cervical spine?. Manual Therapy. 2005;10(2):148–154
  66. Westaway MD, Stratford P, Symons B. False-negative extension/rotation pre-manipulative screening test on a patient with an atretic and hypoplastic vertebral artery. Manual Therapy. 2003;8:120–127
  67. Yamazaki M, Okawa A, Aramoni MA, Hasimoto M, Masaki Y, Koda M. Fenestration of vertebral artery at the craniovertebral junction in Down syndrome: a case report. Spine. 2004;29(23):E551–E554
  68. Zetterling M, Carlstrom C, Konrad P. Internal carotid artery dissection. Acta Neurological Scandinavia. 2000;101:1–7

PII: S1356-689X(06)00143-3

doi: 10.1016/j.math.2006.09.006

Manual Therapy
Volume 11, Issue 4 , Pages 243-253 , November 2006

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution