Manual Therapy
Volume 10, Issue 1 , Pages 14-20 , February 2005

Can acute low back pain result from segmental spinal buckling during sub-maximal activities? A review of the current literature

  • Richard Preuss

      Affiliations

    • McGill University School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, 3630 Prom. Sir William Osler, Montreal, Canada H3G 1Y5
    • Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital Research Centre (site of CRIR), 3205 Place Alton Goldbloom, Laval, Canada H7V 1R2
  • ,
  • Joyce Fung

      Affiliations

    • McGill University School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, 3630 Prom. Sir William Osler, Montreal, Canada H3G 1Y5
    • Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital Research Centre (site of CRIR), 3205 Place Alton Goldbloom, Laval, Canada H7V 1R2
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital Research Centre, 3205 Place Alton Goldbloom, Laval, Quebec, Canada H7V 1R2. Tel.: +14506889550; fax: +14506883673.

Received 18 December 2003 ,Revised 16 July 2004 ,Accepted 18 August 2004.

References 

  1. Adams M, Dolan P. Recent advances in lumbar spinal mechanics and their clinical significance. Clinical Biomechanics. 1995;10:3–19
  2. Bergmark A. Stability of the lumbar spine (a study in mechanical engineering). Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica Supplemental. 1989;230:1–54
  3. Bogduk N. The innervation of the lumbar spine. Spine. 1983;8:286–293
  4. Brown S, Haumann M, Potvin J. The responses of leg and trunk muscles to sudden unloading of the hands (implications for balance and spine stability). Clinical Biomechanics. 2003;18:812–820
  5. Cholewicki J, McGill S. Relationship between muscle force and stiffness in the whole mammalian muscle (a simulation study). Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 1995;117:339–342
  6. Cholewicki J, McGill S. Mechanical stability of the in vivo lumbar spine (implications for injury and chronic low back pain). Clinical Biomechanics. 1996;11:1–15
  7. Cholewicki J, VanVliet J. Relative contribution of trunk muscles to the stability of the lumbar spine during isometric exertions. Clinical Biomechanics. 2002;17:99–105
  8. Cholewicki J, Panjabi M, Khachatryan A. Stabilizing function of trunk flexor-extensor muscles around a neutral spine posture. Spine. 1997;22:2207–2212
  9. Cholewicki J, Simons A, Radebold A. Effects of external trunk loads on lumbar spine stability. Journal of Biomechanics. 2000;33:1377–1385
  10. Cordo P, Burke D, Gandevia S, Hales J. Mechanical neural and perceptual effects of tendon vibration. In: Latash M, editor. Progress in Motor Control: Vol. 1. Human Kinetics, New York, 1998. p. 151–71.
  11. Cresswell A, Oddsson L, Thorstensson A. The influence of sudden perturbations on trunk muscle activity and intra-abdominal pressure while standing. Experimental Brain Research. 1994;98:336–341
  12. Crisco J, Panjabi M. The intersegmental and multisegmental muscles of the lumbar spine (a biomechanical model comparing lateral stabilizing potential). Spine. 1991;16:793–799
  13. Crisco J, Panjabi M. Euler stability of the human ligamentous lumbar spine. Part 2 (Experiment). Clinical Biomechanics. 1992;7:27–32
  14. Dyhre-Poulson P, Krogsgaard R. Muscular reflexes elicited by electrical stimulation of the anterior cruciate ligament in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2000;89:2191–2195
  15. Evans P. The healing process at the cellular level (a review). Physiotherapy. 1980;66:256–259
  16. Gardner-Morse M, Stokes I, Laible J. Role of muscles in lumbar spine stability in maximum extension efforts. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 1995;13:802–808
  17. Hides J, Richardson C, Jull G. Multifidus muscle recovery is not automatic after resolution of acute, first-episode low back pain. Spine. 1996;21:2763–2769
  18. Hides J, Stokes M, Saide M, Jull G, Cooper D. Evidence of lumbar multifidus muscle wasting ipsilateral to symptoms in patients with acute/subacute low back pain. Spine. 1994;19:165–172
  19. Hodges P, Richardson C. Inefficient muscular stabilization of the lumbar spine associated with low back pain (a motor control evaluation of transversus abdominis). Spine. 1996;21:2640–2650
  20. Hodges P, Richardson C. Contraction of the abdominal muscles associated with movement of the lower limb. Physical Therapy. 1997;77:132–144
  21. Hodges P, Richardson C. Feedforward contraction of transversus abdominis in not influenced by the direction of arm movement. Experimental Brain Research. 1997;114:362–370
  22. Hodges P, Richardson C. Altered trunk muscle recruitment in people with low back pain with upper limb movement at different speeds. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1999;80:1005–1012
  23. Hodges P, Richardson C. Transversus abdominis and the superficial abdominal muscles are controlled independently in a postural task. Neuroscience Letters. 1999;265:91–94
  24. Horak F. Adaptation of automatic postural responses. In:  Bloedel J,  Ebner T,  Wise S editor. The acquisition of motor behavior in vertebrates. Cambridge: The MIT Press; 1996;p. 57–85
  25. Jakobs T, Miller J, Schultz A. Trunk position sense in the frontal plane. Experimental Neurology. 1985;90:129–138
  26. Liberty Mutual: Workplace Safety Index. Online reference, 2003 http://www.eorm.com/ezine/pp5/WorkPlaceSafetyIndex2003.pdf
  27. Mannion A, Adams M, Dolan P. Sudden and unexpected loading generates high forces on the lumbar spine. Spine. 2000;25:842–852
  28. McGill S. Low back disorders (evidence-based practice and rehabilitation). Windsor: Human Kinetics; 2002;
  29. McGill S, Cholewicki J. Biomechanical basis for stability (an explanation to enhance clinical utility). Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 2001;31:96–100
  30. Micheli L, Wood R. Back pain in young athletes (significant differences from adults in causes and patterns). Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine. 1995;149:15–18
  31. Moseley G, Hodges P, Gandevia S. External perturbation of the trunk in standing humans differentially activates components of the medial back muscles. Journal of Physiology. 2003;547.2:581–587
  32. Panjabi M, Abumi K, Duranceau J, Oxland T. Spinal stability and intersegmental muscle forces (a biomechanical model). Spine. 1989;14:194–199
  33. Patwardhan A, Havey R, Meade K, Lee B, Dunlap B. A follower load increases the load-carrying capacity of the lumbar spine in compression. Spine. 1999;24:1003–1009
  34. Patwardhan A, Meade K, Lee B. A frontal plane model of the lumbar spine subjected to a follower load (implications for the role of muscles). Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 2001;123:212–217
  35. Preuss R, Grenier S, McGill S. The effect of test position on lumbar spine position sense. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 2003;33:73–78
  36. Radebold A, Cholewicki J, Panjabi M, Patel T. Muscle response pattern to sudden trunk loading in healthy individuals and in patients with chronic low back pain. Spine. 2000;25:947–954
  37. Radebold A, Cholewicki J, Polzhofer G, Greene H. Impaired postural control in the lumbar spine is associated with delayed muscle response times in patients with chronic idiopathic low back pain. Spine. 2001;26:724–730
  38. Rogers D, Bendrups A, Lewis M. Disturbed proprioception following a period of muscle vibration in humans. Neuroscience Letters. 1985;57:147–152
  39. Roy S, De Luca C, Casavant D. Lumbar muscle fatigue and chronic lower back pain. Spine. 1989;14:992–1001
  40. Solomonow M, Zhou B, Baratta R, Lu Y, Harris M. Biomechanics of increased exposure to lumbar injury caused by cyclic loading (part 1. Loss of reflexive muscular stabilization). Spine. 1999;24:2426–2434
  41. Solomonow M, Zhou B, Harris M, Lu Y, Baratta R. The ligamento-muscular stabilizing system of the spine. Spine. 1998;23:2552–2562
  42. Stokes I, Gardner-Morse M. Strategies used to stabilize the elbow joint challenged by inverted pendulum loading. Journal of Biomechanics. 2000;33:737–743
  43. Stokes I, Gardner-Morse M, Henry S, Badger G. Decrease in trunk muscular response to perturbation with preactivation of lumbar spinal musculature. Spine. 2000;25:1957–1964
  44. Taimela S, Kankaanpaa M, Luoto S. The effect of lumbar fatigue on the ability to sense a change in lumbar position (a controlled study). Spine. 1999;24:1322–1327
  45. Thomas J, Lavender S, Corcos D, Andersson G. Trunk kinematics and trunk muscle activity during rapidly applied load. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 1998;8:215–225
  46. Thompson C, Belanger M. Effects of vibration in inline skating on the Hoffman reflex, force and proprioception. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2002;34:2037–2044
  47. van Dieen J, de Looze M. Directionality of anticipatory activation of trunk muscles in a lifting task depends on load knowledge. Experimental Brain Research. 1999;128:397–404

PII: S1356-689X(04)00079-7

doi: 10.1016/j.math.2004.08.006

Manual Therapy
Volume 10, Issue 1 , Pages 14-20 , February 2005